Readings in the Greek New Testament Audio


Greek New Testament

Links updated May 2010

αμαθεστατε και κακε, αφες τον παλαιον, μη μεταποιει
(Fool and knave, can't you exit the old reading alone and not alter it!)

—The complaint of a scribe, written in the
margin of Codex Vaticanus at Heb. i:3.

Greek Texts Online

  • bibelwissenschaft.de. Website of the German Bible Society. Full text of the Nestle-Aland edition of the Greek New Attestation, and the Septuagint of Rahlfs.
  • The Online Parallel Bible Project. By John Isett. Total text of several editions of the Greek NT, including an interlinear Westcott-Hort with parsing and a concordance. Also has the full text of the Septuagint.
  • The Unbound Bible. At Biola University. The Greek New Testament in iv different editions. Uses the "symbol" font that comes with Windows and then that everyone can see the Greek. At this site y'all tin besides search the Hebrew Bible, the Septuagint, the Latin Vulgate and several English translations. The Greek texts (in unicode characters) tin can likewise be downloaded in zipped archive format.
  • The Online Greek Bible. A very pleasantly designed site that presents the Nestle-Aland (26) Greek text in a variety of font options, including the Symbol font (already installed on your motorcar with Windows). Click on any word to come across it parsed and defined. The search function is very sophisticated.
  • Logos Bible. Sponsored by Logos Bible Software. Texts of Stephens, Elzevir, Scrivener, Tischendorf, Robinson-Pierpont, and Westcott-Hort. The text of Scrivener (giving readings presumed to underlie the KJV) is given in two forms: one without notes, and another with notes giving its variations from the readings of the English Revised Version of 1881.
  • The SBL Greek New Testament, edited by Michael W. Holmes, and published past Logos Bible Software.
  • Greek New Testament. By Tony Fisher. The Nestle-Aland (26) Greek New Attestation in searchable images. No need for Greek fonts on your machine. Search for words by base of operations or inflected form, and by tense, voice and mood. Also hither.
  • Olive Tree Greek New Testament. Search four dissimilar editions of the Greek New Testament: 1991 Byzantine Greek Text; Westcott and Hort; Stephens 1550, and Scrivener's 1894 Textus Receptus. As well has interlinears and texts with grammatical tags.
  • Greek New Testament Editions in downloadable zipped files (you will need an unzip utility to open up them) provided by Vincent Broman. Includes transcriptions of many historic and modern editions.
  • The New Testament in the Original Greek: Byzantine Textform, edited by Maurice Robinson (revised edition, 2005).
  • Bible Database Online Bibles. By Brent Maurer. Total text of Stephens, Scrivener, Wescott & Hort, and the Septuagint, in chapters. Requires unicode text display support from your browser. If you lot don't take this and are using Microsoft Internet Explorer, the "install on need" function will prompt you to go it. Get ahead and download the unicode back up.
  • The text of S.P. Tregelles can be downloaded in one large file from the website of Tyndale House, Cambridge.
  • The Interlinear Literal Translation of the Greek New Testament (1894).
  • The texts of Westcott and Hort (1881), Scrivener (1894), and Stephanus (1550) are online at the Bible Gateway.
  • Wordsworth's New TestamentThe New Testament of our Lord and Saviour Jesus in the Original Greek, with Introductions and notes past Christopher Wordsworth; The 4 Gospels (1859, as well here and here); Acts (1860, likewise here); St. Paul'due south Epistles (1859); The Full general Epistles and Book of Revelation (1860). As well, St. Paul's Epistles, The Full general Epistles, The Volume of Revelation, and Indexes (1867).
  • Alford'south Greek Attestation with text-critical and exegetical notes is online in page images at Google Books, in 4 volumes: vol. ane (1849); vol. 2 (1877); vol. three (1865); vol. 4 (1878).
  • Westcott and Hort — vol.i (text); vol 2 (Introduction; Appendix).
  • TischendorfNovum Testamentum Graece; Ad Antiquissimos Testes Denuo Recensuit; Apparatum Criticum Omni Studio Perfectum; Apposuit Commentationem Isagogicam; Praetexuit Constantinus Tischendorf. Editio Octava Critica Maior (Leipzig, 1869-1894): vol. 1 (1869, also here); vol. 2 (1872, as well hither); vol. three (1894, also here). The volumes are also bachelor at the Cyberspace Annal: vol. 1; vol. two; vol. iii.1; vol. 3.2; vol. three.three.
  • Scrivener and Nestle, 1906. F.H.A. Scrivener and Eberhard Nestle, Η ΚΑΙΝΗ ΔΙΑΘΗΚΗ. Novum Testamentum: textus Stephanici, A.D. 1550, cum variis lectionibus editionum Bezae, Elzeviri, Lachmanni, Tischendorfii, Tregellesii, Wescott-Hortii, Versionis Anglicanae Emendatorum. Accedunt parallela s. Scripturae loca. Editio Quarta, ab Eb. Nestle Correcta. London: George Bell and Sons, 1906.
  • Greek text underlying the Revised Version of 1881 — Η Καινη Διαθηκη. The Greek Testament with the Readings Adopted by the Revisers of the Authorised Version, and with References in the Margin to Parallel Passages of the Erstwhile and the New Attestation, edited past E. Palmer (Oxford, 1882).
  • Wilson'south 'Emphatic Diaglott'The Emphatic Diaglott: Containing the Original Greek Text of what is Unremarkably Styled the New Testament (according to the Recension of Dr. J. J. Griesbach) with an Interlineary Word for Give-and-take English Translation; a New Emphatic Version, Based on the Interlineary Translation, on the Renderings of Eminent Critics, and on the various readings of the Vatican Manuscript, etc. By Benjamin Wilson (New York: Fowler & Wells, 1865).
  • Hansell'south edition of the quondam uncial mss. — Edward H. Hansell, ed., Novum Testamentum Gr�ce. Antiquissimorum Codicum Textus in Ordine Parallelo Dispositi, Accedit Collatio Codicis Sinaitici (Oxford, 1864), in iii volumes: vol. one (Gospels); vol. two (Acts, Epistles, Revelation); vol. 3 (Preface, Notes, and Appendices).
  • Greenfield's annotated Greek Testament — Η Καινη Διαθηκη. Novum Testamentum advertising Exemplar Millianum, cum Emendationibus et Lectionibus Griesbachii, praecipuis vocibus ellipticis, thematibus omnium vocum difficiliorum, atque locis scripturae parallelis. Studio et labore Gulielmi Greenfield. Hanc editionem primam Americanam, summa cura recensuit, atque mendis quam plurimis expurgavit, Josephus P. Engles, A.K. Philadelphia: Henry Perkins, 1850.
  • Bloomfield'south Greek Testament — Η Καινη Διαθηκη. The Greek Testament with English language Notes, Disquisitional, Philological, and Exegetical, etc., by the Rev. Southward.T. Bloomfield. First American from the Second London Edition (Boston: Perkins and Marvin, 1837), in ii volumes: vol. 1; vol. 2.
  • Griesbach's annotated textNovum Testamentum Graece. Textum ad Fidem Codicum Versionem et Patrum Recensuit et Lectionis Varietatem adjecit D. Jo. Jac. Greisbach. London: Mackinlay and Martin, 1809-1810. (a reprint of Griesbach's final edition of 1805.) In ii volumes: vol. 1 (Gospels); vol. 2 (Acts, Epistles, Revelation).
  • The Resultant Greek Attestation, edited by Richard F. Weymouth (1892).
  • Novum Testamentum graece et germanice, edited by Eberhard Nestle (fifth edition; Stuttgart, 1906).
  • BFBS edition of 1904: Η ΚΑΙΝΗ ΔΙΑΘΗΚΗ. Text with Disquisitional Apparatus. Published by the British and Foreign Bible Gild in Connection with Its Centenary (Cambridge Univ. Press, 1904). The original Nestle text, with an appliance prepared past the British editors, indicating "every variation of whatsoever importance … from (ane) the Textus Receptus, and (2) the Greek Text which avowedly or inferentially underlies the English language Revised Version of 1881" (Preface). As well here.
  • Other online texts are listed at The Greek New Testament Gateway by Dr. Mark Goodacre, in his New Testament Gateway site.

Textual Criticism

  •  LOCAL Textual Criticism of the Greek New Testament. Collations of critical editions and a number of helpful articles.
  • Our Bible and the Aboriginal Manuscripts. By Sir Frederic Kenyon. Complete book online (fourth edition, 1939). This was the standard introductory text-book on textual criticism used in seminaries earlier the appearance of Metzger's Text of the New Testament. A comprehensive introduction to the materials and methods of textual criticism. Slightly dated, but still very useful. The third edition (1897) is also online at Google Books here.
  • S. P. Tregelles' Introduction to the Textual Criticism of the New Testament — Samuel Prideaux Tregelles, An Introduction to the Textual Criticism of the New Testament, with Analyses, etc., of the Respective Books, published every bit vol. 4 of the tenth edition of Horne's Introduction to the Critical Written report and Knowledge of the Holy Scriptures (London, 1856). Also here.
  • An Business relationship of the Printed Text of the Greek New Testament: with Remarks on its Revision upon Critical Principles, past Samuel Prideaux Tregelles (London: Samuel Bagster and Sons, 1854). As well here, and at Google Books here and here.
  • A History of the Textual Criticism of the New Attestation, by Marvin R. Vincent (New York: MacMillan, 1899). Also here and hither.
  • An Introduction to the Textual Criticism of the New Testament by Benjamin B. Warfield (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1899).
  • Einführung in das griechische Neue Testament by Eberhard Nestle, 2nd ed. (Göttingen, 1899).
  • Introduction to the Textual Criticism of the Greek New Testament by Eberhard Nestle, translated from the second edition by William Edie, and edited with a preface by Allan Menzies (London: Williams and Norgate, 1901).
  • Hort's Introduction — F.J.A. Hort, The New Attestation in the Original Greek, the Text Revised by Brooke Foss Westcott D.D. and Fenton John Anthony Hort D.D.; vol. 2, Introduction and Appendix. 2nd ed. (London: MacMillan and Co., 1896). The first edition (1882) is here.
  • Ellicott and Palmer on the Greek text of the Revised Version — Charles J. Ellicott and Edwin Palmer, The Revisers and the Greek Text of the New Testament, by two members of the New Attestation Company (London: Macmillan, 1882). Chiefly in response to J.Westward. Burgon'south attack in the Quarterly Review.
  • A Companion to the Greek Testament and the English Version, past Philip Schaff (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1883). Besides here and here; and at the Internet Archive here.
  • Principles of Textual Criticism: with their Application to the Erstwhile and New Testaments, by J. Scott Porter (London: Simms and McIntyre, 1848).
  • Vi Lectures on the Text of the New Testament and the Ancient Manuscripts which Contain It: Chiefly Addressed to Those Who Do Non Read Greek, by F.H. Scrivener (1875).
  • A Course of Developed Criticism on Passages of the New Testament Materially Afflicted past Various Readings, by Thomas Sheldon Green (1856).
  • Orme'southward 'Memoir of the Controversy Respecting the Three Heavenly Witnesses'Memoir of the Controversy Respecting the Three Heavenly Witnesses, I John V. 7: Including Disquisitional Notices of the Master Writers on Both Sides of the Word, by Criticus [William Orme]. A New Edition, with Notes and an Appendix by Ezra Abbot. Boston: Noyes, Holmes, and Co., 1872. The work "consists of a series of articles which originally appeared in the Congregational Magazine for 1829, under the signature of 'Criticus,' and were published in London in a separate volume in 1830." (Preface)
  • Scrivener'due south edition of Codex BezaeBezae Codex Cantabrigiensis: Beingness an Exact copy, in Ordinary Type, of the Celebrated Uncial Graeco-Latin Manuscript of the Iv Gospels and Acts of the Apostles ... Edited with a Critical Introduction, Annotations, and Facsimiles by Frederick H. Scrivener (Cambridge: Deighton, Bell, and Co., 1864). As well here and here.
  • Codex Bezae Cantabrigiensis: quattuor Evangelia et Actus apostolorum complectens graece et latine (Cambridge, 1899): vol. i (Matthew, John); vol. 2 (Luke, Mark, Acts). A good-quality photographic facsimile of the entire manuscript.
  • Codex Bezae from the Cambridge Digital Library, Academy of Cambridge. Loftier-resolution images of the entire manuscript.
  • The Text of the New Attestation by Kirsopp Lake (quaternary ed.; London, 1908). also here.
  • S. W. Whitney, The Revisers' Greek Text : a Critical Test of Certain Readings, Textual and Marginal, in the Original Greek of the New Testament Adopted by the Belatedly Anglo-American Revisers (Boston, 1892): vol. 1; vol. two.
  • The Encyclopedia of New Attestation Textual Criticism. By Robert B. Waltz. This is the best site on the web for upwards-to-date information on textual criticism.
  • The Old Attestation Text and the New Testament Text. By Philip Comfort. A very skilful introduction to text-critical materials and methods. This is the commencement two chapters of Comfort's book, Essential Guide to Bible Versions.
  • Textual Criticism - An Introductory Survey. By James W. Naumann. Provides an introductory look at the science of textual criticism and its place in orthodox theology.
  • TC Periodical. Hither are many interesting scholarly articles and book reviews by diverse authors in the field of textual criticism.
  • The disquisitional apparatus of Southward.P. Tregelles can exist viewed in large page images at the website of Tyndale House, Cambridge.
  • Codex Sinaiticus. The complete manuscript online in images, courtesy of the British Library in London.
  • The Centre for the Written report of New Testament Manuscripts. A resource created past an association of scholars headed by Daniel Wallace of Dallas Theological Seminary. The site has page images of several important manuscripts, from facsimile editions (including Codex Alexandrinus and Codex Vaticanus), along with scans of some less important miniscules.
  • Student's Guide to New Testament Textual Variants. By Bruce Terry. Introductory essays and many examples of various readings of the manuscripts in English, for students who do non know Greek. Appended is a long essay defending the authenticity of the Long Catastrophe Of Mark on stylistic grounds.
  • The Authenticity of Mark 16:ix-twenty. By Jim Snapp II, at the Curtisville Christian Church in Elwood, Indiana. A good summary of the text-critical issues surrounding the end of Mark. Snapp concludes that the ending is original. Too here.
  • The Lost Finish of Marking. By Burnett H. Streeter. Chapter 12 from Streeter's book The Four Gospels: A Report of Origins (1924).
  • Interpreting Aboriginal Manuscripts. By Timothy Seid. A adept introduction to the manuscripts and methods of textual criticism. Escape the cramped frames of this site by inbound and navigating from the index page.
  • Duke Papyrus Archive. From the special collections library at Duke Academy. Skilful articles on papyrus manuscripts, and the whole Duke collection in images.
  • Griechische Papyri der Heidelberger Papyrussammlung. Very big and abrupt images of the hundreds of papyrus fragments at the Institut für Papyrologie of the University of Heidelberg.
  • Rylands Papyri. High-resolution images from the collection of the John Rylands University Library in Manchester.
  • Bible Links Page. Past Wieland Willker. This page is especially useful for the many links to images of the Papyrus manuscripts.
  • Codex Vaticanus B/03. A full description and history of the famous codex, by Wieland Willker. (Don't miss Willker's page on the scribal note at Hebrews 1:3.)
  • Erasmus and the Textus Receptus. Past William West. Combs, in the Detroit Baptist Seminary Journal one (Spring 1996): 35-53.
  • Textual Criticism discussion lath at Yahoo Groups, moderated by Wieland Willker.
  • Evangelical Textual Criticism Blog. By several academic contributors who show niggling interest in things 'evangelical.' Plain here the word means something like 'not necessarily anti-Christian,' or 'not cocky-consciously atheistic' (as in, 'Periodical of the Evangelical Theological Gild').
  • The 'Harder Reading' in Textual Criticism: An Application of the Second Law of Thermodynamics. By Eugene Nida. An interesting article from The Bible Translator 32/1 (Jan. 1981), pp. 101-107.
  • Textual Criticism of the Bible. By Dr. Short Daniel, pastor of the Reformed Bible Church in Springfield, Illinois.
  • Varianten Textus receptus versus Nestle-Aland. By Dieter Zimmer. An extensive list of translatable variations between the TR and the Nestle-Aland text, in German.
  • Some Second Thoughts on the Majority Text. Past Dr. Daniel B. Wallace (Dallas Theological Seminary).
  • The Majority Text and the Original Text: Are they Identical? Past Dr. Daniel B. Wallace.
  • Inspiration, Preservation, and New Testament Textual Criticism. Past Dr. Daniel B. Wallace.
  • The Development of the New Testament Text. By Jim Snapp II at the Curtisville Christian Church in Elwood, Indiana. A good discussion of text-types, with helpful diagrams showing their relationships.
  • Medieval and Renaissance Book Product - Manuscript Books. By Richard West. Clement. Also hither. A very helpful introduction to the production of manuscripts in Medieval times.
  • Review of Gamble'southward Books and Readers in the Early on Church building . Past James Adair, in TC: A Journal of Biblical Textual Criticism.
  • due east-Catena. By Peter Kirby. References to the New Testament culled from the Dues-Nicene Fathers.
  • Digital Nestle-Aland Prototype. Electronic class of Nestle-Aland with apparatus, provided online by the Constitute for New Testament Textual Research at the Academy of Münster. Currently the four Gospels and the Epistles of John are online.
  • New Attestation Transcripts Paradigm. Of import Greek manuscripts of the New Testament (e.m. Vaticanus, Sinaiticus, Papyrus 45), equally transcribed by the Institute for New Testament Textual Research at the University of Münster. Currently the four Gospels and the Epistles of John are online. The interface allows users to compare manuscripts, with automatic highlighting of differences.
  • Papyrus 52. Here is a dainty page exhibiting the earliest known fragment of the New Testament - a scrap of papyrus dated most Ad 125 by scholars, from a manuscript of the Gospel according to John.
  • Papyrus 46. sixty pages of the manuscript online in high-resolution images, from the University of Michigan. Meet too the excellent Introduction to Papyrus 46 on the same site.
  • An Online Textual Commentary on the Greek Gospels. By Wieland Willker. Four large PDF files, an introduction, and appendixes. Students volition detect this resource useful.
  • Text and Tradition: The Office of New Testament Manuscripts in Early on Christian Studies. By Bart D. Ehrman. These two lectures will serve as examples of how textual criticism is practiced by liberal scholars who (like Ehrman) combine it with redaction criticism. The second lecture is hither.
  • A Review of Bart Ehrman's contempo book Misquoting Jesus . By Jim Snapp Two. Discusses the scholarly weakness and modernistic bias of Ehrman's piece of work.
  • A selection of manufactures and reviews from The Bible Translator . Many links to articles dealing with textual criticism, compiled by J.Fifty.H. Krans at the University of Amsterdam.
  • Online Database of New Testament Manuscripts. Past Michael Jones at the Academy of Cambridge. A database that allows you to find all papyrus and uncial manuscripts that contain a item verse. The information was provided past Vincent Broman here.
  • The Habits of New Testament Copyists: Singular Readings in the Early on Fragmentary Papyri of John. By Peter Yard. Head. Article published in Biblica 85 (2004). Discusses the part that singular readings take played in the analysis of scribal habits, and examines atypical readings in the early fragmentary papyri of John's Gospel. Confirms earlier inquiry showing that about singular readings are mere variations of spelling or word-guild, but substitutions and harmonisations to context are also mutual. Omissions are more mutual than additions.
  • Graeco-Roman Papyrus Documents from Egypt (Athena Review 2/2). An introduction to the papyri establish in Egypt. Includes details on the various types of documents found and links to major collections online.
  • The Greek New Testament by Richard Wilson. The text of Nestle-Aland with the near important textual variants.

In Favor of the Bulk Text

  • A Evidently Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament, Vol. I and Vol. II, by F.H.A. Scrivener (Fourth Ed., George Bell & Sons, 1894). Folio images simply. A classic introduction to textual criticism.
  • The Concluding Twelve Verses of the Gospel According to South. Mark Vindicated Against Recent Critical Objectors and Established, by John William Burgon (London, 1871 ). Page images only.
  • The Causes of the Corruption of the Traditional Text of the Holy Gospels, by John William Burgon (London, 1896). Folio images only.
  • The Revision Revised, past John William Burgon (London, John Murray, 1883).
  • The Traditional Text of the Holy Gospels Vindicated & Established, by the late John William Burgon, B.D., Dean of Chichester, arranged, completed, and edited by Edward Miller, One thousand.A. (London: George Bell and Sons, 1896).
  • Codex B and Its Allies: A Study and an Indictment, Part I and Part 2, by H.C. Hoskier (London, 1914). Page images only. a very painstaking comparison of Codex Vaticanus with Codex Sinaiticus, in which the two are shown to accept many meaning disagreements. Hoskier attempts to demonstrate that Vaticanus presents a text which has been conformed to the Coptic versions.
  • The Identity of the New Testament Text. This is a consummate volume in defense force of the Bulk text by Dr. Wilbur North. Pickering. To view the chapters online, click on the HTML file links. Also hither.
  • Translations and the Greek Text. By Leland K. Haines. Haines (a Mennonite layman) presents a detailed critique of the eclectic method, with quotations from Pickering, Sturz, Robinson, and other bulk text advocates.
  • New Testament Textual Criticism: The Case for Byzantine Priority. By Dr. Maurice A. Robinson (Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary). This is the most scholarly article on the web in defense of the Majority Text.
  • Crossing Boundaries in New Attestation Textual Criticism: Historical Revisionism and the Case of Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener. By Dr. Maurice A. Robinson. A response to Daniel B. Wallace, "Historical Revisionism and the Majority Text Theory: The Cases of F. H. A. Scrivener and Herman C. Hoskier," NTSt 41 (1995) 280-285. Robinson discusses in particular the text-critical views of Scrivener, and argues that Scrivener is rightly considered a "Bulk Text" abet.
  • The Biblical Text and the Reconstructive Task. Thematic issue of Chalcedon Report, June 1997.
  • The Traditional text. A Brief Summary of John William Burgon's The Traditional Text of the Holy Gospels Vindicated and Established (1896), by Rev. D. A. Waite. A useful overview of Burgon'south criticism of Westcott and Hort.
  • The Providential Preservation of the Greek Text of the New Testament. Past Rev. West. MacLean (1983). A good summary of arguments from books of Dean Burgon and Edward Hills.
  • An Inquiry into the Integrity of the Greek Vulgate, or Received Text of the New Testament. By Frederick Nolan (London, 1815). An blowsy book, not to be relied upon for data, but of historical interest every bit an early defense of the Textus Receptus, in response to Griesbach.

Web directories for textual criticism:

  • TC Links. By James R. Adair. It has been a while since these links were updated.
  • Papyrology Abode Folio. By John D. Muccigrosso, at Drew University.
  • Textual Criticism. Annotated links past Dr. Marker Goodacre, in his New Testament Gateway site.
  • James Snapp's Google Books Library Bookshelf.

Greek Language

"Maybe those who pity the grammarian practice non know that he finds joy in his chore and is sustained by the conviction that his work is necessary." —A.T. Robertson, A Grammar of the New Testament in the Light of Historical Research (Nashville: Broadman, 1934), x.

Lexicons

  • Liddell-Scott Dictionary of Classical GreekGreek-English Lexicon, based on the German Work of Francis Passow, past Henry George Liddell and Robert Scott, with corrections and additions ... by Henry Drisler (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1846). Also here, here, here, and hither. See too the eighth edition (1897).
  • Liddell-Scott-Jones Dictionary of Classical Greek (Clarendon Printing: 1940). This is the Liddell-Scott lexicon "revised and augmented throughout by Sir Henry Stuart Jones." From the Perseus Digital Library at Tufts University. The Perseus Berlin Mirror is sometimes faster, and the alternative search engine and interface at the University of Chicago is improve in some respects.
  • Thayer's Lexicon of New Testament Greek. The standard scholar'south lexicon for many years. Also at the Internet Archive here, and at Google Books here, here, and hither.
  • Abbott-Smith LexiconA Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, by George Abbott-Smith (New York: Scribners, 1922). Also here.
  • Robinson'southward LexiconA Greek and English Dictionary of the New Testament past Edward Robinson (New York: Harper & Brothers, 1850).
  • Parkhurst's LexiconA Greek and English language Lexicon to the New Testament: In which the Words and Phrases ... are Distinctly Explained, and the Meanings Assigned to Each Authorized by References to Passages of Scripture, and Frequently ... Confirmed past Citations from the Old Attestation, and from the Greek Writers ... by John Parkhurst. 5th edition (London, 1809).
  • English language translation of Cremer's DictionaryBiblico-theological Dictionary of New Testament Greek By Hermann Cremer, translated from the German of the 2nd Edition, with additional affair and corrections past the author, by William Urwick. Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1878. Too bachelor at Google Books is the showtime English language edition of 1872.
  • Review of F. Danker's contempo revision of the BAGD Greek lexicon, by Abraham J. Malherbe of Yale University Divinity School. (Review of Biblical Literature 10/2002). Interesting discussion of some of the means in which Danker's revison of this standard reference book (third edition, 2000) shows a "want not to give offense to some persons in academic circles" who are interested in "inclusiveness," as Malherbe delicately puts it.
  • How Accept Inclusiveness and Tolerance Affected the Bauer-Danker Greek Lexicon of the New Attestation (BDAG)? By Vern S. Poythress. An article from the Journal of the Evangelical Theological Lodge 46/4 (Dec. 2003), pp. 577-88. Detailed criticism of Danker's revised edition.
  • Greek-Dictionary.net past Bill Mounce.

Grammars

  • Grammar of New Testament Greek by Friedrich Blass, translated by Henry St. John Thackeray (London: MacMillan and Co., 1898). As well at Google Books here. See also the original German piece of work, Grammatik des neutestamentlichen Griechisch (1896).
  • Moulton'south English translation of Winer's Grammer — Georg Benedikt Winer, A Treatise on the Grammar of New Attestation Greek: Regarded as a Sure Basis for New Testament Exegesis, past Dr. G.B. Winer. Translated from the German, with Large Additions and Full Indices, by Rev. West.F. Moulton, M.A., D.D. First edition (Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1870); Third Edition, revised (Ninth English language Edition, Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1882), besides hither.
  • A Grammar of New Attestation Greek by James Hope Moulton (2d ed. Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1906). See too the starting time volume of the third edition (Prolegomena, published in 1908) in pdf format here.
  • A.T. Robertson's Grammar of the Greek New Testament in the Light of Historical Research (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1919) — the complete work in one large (50 MB) pdf file is here, and in smaller chapter files in html format here.
  • Syntax of the Moods and Tenses in New Testament Greek. By Ernest DeWitt Burton. A good concise reference. Simply to read the Greek hither y'all will need to download and install the free BibleWorks fonts.

Concordances

  • A Complete Cyclopedia of the Greek New Attestation (according to the text of Westcott-Hort, with Nestle-Aland variants noted) has been put online by the people at biblos.com.
  • A Concordance to the Greek Testament according to the Texts of Westcott and Hort, Tischendorf, and the English Revisers, edited by W.F. Moulton and A.S. Geden (1897).
  • A Concordance to the Greek Testament according to the texts of Westcott and Hort, Tischendorf and the English Revisers, edited by Due west.F. Moulton and A.S. Geden (2nd ed., 1899).
  • The Englishman's Greek Cyclopedia of the New Testament, ed. George 5. Wigram (6th ed, London: Bagster, 1870). See also the post-obit link ...
  • The Englishman'southward Greek Concordance of the New Testament, 9th edition (1903), with a Concordance of Various Readings and a Vocabulary of NT Greek. In page images at ccel.org.
  • Hudson's ConcordanceA Critical Greek and English Concordance of the New Attestation, prepared past Charles F. Hudson, revised and completed by Ezra Abbott (London: Bagster, 1882).
  • Gall's ConcordanceAn Interpreting Concordance of the New Attestation, Shewing the Greek Original of Every Word, with a Glossary, Explaining all the Greek Words of the New Testament, and Giving their Varied Renderings in the Authorised Version, by the Rev. James Gall (Edinburgh: Gall and Inglis, 1863).

Interlinears

  • The Englishman's Greek New Attestation; giving the Greek text of Stephens 1550, with the various readings of the editions of Elzevir 1624, Griesbach, Lachmann, Tischendorf, Tregelles, Alford, and Wordsworth: together with an interlinear literal translation, and the Authorized Version of 1611. Third ed. (London: Samuel Bagster and Sons, 1896).

Give-and-take Studies

  • Trench'due south 'Synonyms of the New Testament'Synonyms of the New Testament: Being the Substance of a Course of Lectures Addressed to the Theological Students, King'southward Colege, London, by Richard Chenevix Trench ... From the third London edition, revised and enlarged (New York: Redfield, 1858). See also the afterwards edition "with some etymological notes by A L Mayhew" (London: Kegan Paul, 1906). A pdf file of the 1880 edition is likewise bachelor here.
  • Vine'south Expository Dictionary of New Testament Words. Also hither.
  • Remarks on the Synonyms of the New Testament, by John Aug. Henry Tittmann ... Translated by the Rev. Edward Craig (Edinburgh: Thomas Clark, 1833-7): vol. ane; vol. 2.

Learning Greek

  • Essentials of New Testament Greek by John Homer Huddilston (1895).
  • The Elements of New Testament Greek (1914) and Cardinal to the Elements of New Attestation Greek (1915) by Henry P.V. Nunn.
  • A Brief Introduction to New Testament Greek past Samuel G. Greenish (1913).
  • Handbook to the Grammar of the Greek Testament, Together with a Complete Vocabulary, and an Examination of the Primary New Testament Synonyms, by Samuel G. Green (1876).
  • Beginner's Grammar of the Greek New Testament. By William Hersey Davis (New York: Harper & Brothers 1923). Presented online in page images.
  • NTGreek.cyberspace. By Jeff Smelser. An on-line Greek course, with audio.
  • A Trivial Greek. A good page for beginners, past Jonathan Robie.
  • Learning New Attestation Greek. Past Dr Mark Goodacre. Gives pointers to the all-time self-report resources on the spider web.
  • Mastering NT Greek eastward-sources, collected and digitized by Ted Hildebrandt.
  • Resources for Learning New Attestation Greek past Corey Keating.

Other Greek Resource

  • Greek Linguistic communication links (mostly to Google Books) compiled by Mischa Hooker.
  • Greek Language and Linguistics Gateway. A service provided past greek-language.com. Information virtually Greek Linguistics and the Greek linguistic communication.
  • The Biblical Greek Mailing List (B-Greek). An academic list for discussing the Greek text and language of the Bible. This is a high volume list with lots of exegetical discussion. The list assumes a working cognition of Biblical Greek.
  • Morphological Analyses for Inflected Greek Words. A word-parsing utility at the Perseus site.

Regarding the Language of the New Testament

  •  LOCAL Biblical Greek. Articles on the subject of Hellenistic and Biblical Greek by Deissmann, Robertson, and Machen, and a bibliography.
  • Η Καινη Διαθηκη, εκ της Παλαιας Διαθηκης κατα τους Εβδομηκοντα διερμηνευομενη. Novum testamentum Graecum, Editio Hellenistica , edited by Edward W. Grinfield (London: Pickering, 1843), in two volumes: volume one (Gospels and Acts), volume 2 (Epistles and Rev., followed by a table of OT quotations). Highly useful for lexical studies, quoting parallel phrases from the Septuagint, Philo, and other contemporary sources under each poetry of the Greek New Testament. See also the supplementary volumes, entitled Scholia Hellenistica in Novum Testamentum / Philone et Josepho Patribus Apostolicis aliisq. Ecclesiae antiquae scriptoribus necnon libris apocryphis maxime depromta; instruxit atque ornavit Novi Testamenti Hellenistice illustrati recens editor (Pickering, 1848), volume ane (Matthew to two Corinthians, also here), volume 2 (Galatians to Revelation, too here).
  • Sources of New Testament Greek: Or, the Influence of the Septuagint on the Vocabulary of the New Testament, by H. A. A. Kennedy (Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1895). Also here.
  • Essays in Biblical Greek by Edwin Hatch (Oxford: Clarendon press, 1889). Also at Google books hither.
  • The Language of the New Attestation, past William Henry Simcox (New York: Thomas Whittaker, 1890).
  • The Writers of the New Attestation: Their Style and Characteristics, By William Henry Simcox (London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1890).
  • The Value of the Papyri for New Testament Study. Past Frederic E. Blume. A short but interesting discussion, focusing on the history and value of the non-literary papyri.
  • Adolph Deissmann and 20th Century Philological Developments in New Testament Greek. Past Eric Zeller, a educatee at The Master's Seminary. Describes at length the work and the influence of Deissmann and reactions against his view of the linguistic communication of the NT.
  • New Calorie-free on the New Testament, from Records of the Graeco-Roman Flow, by Adolf Deissmann (Edinburgh, 1908).
  • Licht vom Osten: das Neue Attestation und die neuentdeckten Texte der hellenistisch-römischen Welt, von Adolf Deissmann (Tübingen: Mohr, 1908).
  • Bible Studies by Adolf Deissmann, English edition (Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1901).
  • Did St. Luke Imitate the Septuagint? By Rev. William G. Most. An article from Journal for the Study of the New Attestation 15 (1982) pp. xxx-41. "Which expressions in the NT are Semitisms? How extensive are they? Are they due to translation or other causes? These and similar questions have occasioned much ingenious research, simply, unfortunately, generally accepted results are few."
  • Was Marker Written in Aramaic? By Frederick C. Grant. This is chapter five of Grant'due south book, The Earliest Gospel (New York: Abingdon Press, 1943). "the chief content of the Gospels is non Greek in origin, but Semitic. In spite of the exaggerations of earlier scholars ... it is condign more often than not recognized today that there is really something unique nearly the language of the New Attestation, and specially of the Synoptic Gospels -- something not to be explained wholly by the parallels plant in the Egyptian papyri."
  • Is the New Testament Written in 'Holy Ghost' Greek? By Edgar V. McKnight. This is an article from the American Bible Society'south journal, The Bible Translator, vol. 16 (1965), pages 87-93. Online in big JPEG page images.
  • Marked Syntactical Structures in Biblical Greek in Comparison with Biblical Hebrew, by Alviero Niccacci. An commodity published in Liber Annuus 43 (1993). Niccacci argues that Biblical Greek (the Seventy and to a bottom extent the NT) is an artificial "translation language" equally far equally the syntax of the verb is concerned. 110 examples are quoted, mostly from the LXX, together with their Hebrew original.
  • Egyptian Rubbish-Heaps and the Report of the New Testament. by James Hope Moulton (1914). An informal lecture on the usefulness of the non-literary papyri in our understanding of the language of the New Attestation, past a notable scholar. At the lesser of the page are links to five other lectures in the same series.

Books

  • The Text of the New Testament, by Bruce Metzger.
  • Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament, by Bruce Metzger.
  • The Greek New Testament, UBS tertiary edition, with dictionary.
  • Interlinear KJV Parallel New Testament in Greek and English, by George Ricker Berry. (Zondervan reprint, 1993). Past far the best interlinear Greek Testament. Text of Stephens 1550 with footnotes showing variant readings of modern critical editions of the text.
  • New Linguistic and Exegetical Key to the Greek New Testament, by Cleon Rogers.

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